Fundus autofluorescence. Lippincott William and Wilkins, Baltimore: 3–13 Shields C, Pirondini C, Bianciotto C, Materin MA, Harmon SA, Shields JA (2008) Autofluorescence in choroidal nevus in 64 cases. Retina 28: 1035–43 Shields CL, Furuta M, Berman EL et al (2009) Choroidal nevus transformation into melanoma: analysis of 2514 consecutive cases. Arch Ophthalmol 127: 981–7 Smith RT (2010) The normal distribution of fundus autofluorescence. In: Lois N and Forrester JV, eds. Fundus autofluorescence. Lippincott William and Wilkins, Baltimore: 99–104 Smith RT, Chan JK, Busuoic M, Sivagnanavel V, Bird AC, Chong NV (2006) Autofluorescence charac- teristics of early, atrophic, and high-risk fellow eyes in age-related macular degeneration. Investigative Ophthalmol Visual Sci 47: 5495–504 Viestenz A, Langenbucher A, Mardin CY (2006) Peripap- illary autofluorescence as indicator for glaucoma. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 223: 315–20 Vujosevic S, Casciano M, Pilotto E, Boccassini B, Varano M, Midena E (2011) Diabetic macular edema: fundus autofluorescence and functional correlations. Investigative Ophthalmol Visual Sci 52: 442–8 Weiter JJ, Delori FC, Wing GL, Fitch KA (1986) Retinal pigment epithelial lipofuscin and melanin and choroidal melanin in human eyes. Investigative Ophthalmol Visual Sci 27: 145–52 References choroidal nevi are to be found in 5–10% of cauca- sians (Kanski, 2007) the extra information given by FAF imaging makes it useful in an ophthalmic setting. Shields et al (2008) suggested that hyperfluo- rescent FAF shows recent changes in the nevus that calls for attention while hypofluorescent FAF indi- cates a more stable nevus. Conclusion The FAF should be regarded as a supplement to colour fundus images and has highest relevance when it comes to slow progressing conditions rather than acute conditions. Currently, the knowledge about what the FAF shows, and how it should be interpreted is broad and it seems likely that the tech- nique will have a future not only in research and highly specialized retinal evaluations, but also in daily clinical work. IJOP Conflict of interests: this work has been performed without any financial compensation from Canon and we have no commercial interest in the Canon CR-2 PLUS™. However, our research group has ongoing collaboration with Canon Europe in other projects.